Glossary Item

The Age of Compassion (1945 -1980)was the period following the Second World War, when many governments accepted that society had a collective responsibility to promote well-being, reduce insecurity, and provide opportunities for all.

This era was shaped by memories of depression, war, fascism, and mass unemployment. Political leaders recognised that economic insecurity and social exclusion could threaten both democracy and peace. As a result, governments in many countries committed themselves to policies aimed at providing employment and universal access to housing, healthcare, education, and social security.

The period saw the creation or expansion of welfare states, public services, public housing, and systems of economic management intended to support full employment. Progressive taxation was widely accepted, trade unions were influential, and reducing inequality was often regarded as a legitimate political goal.

Economic growth during this period was substantial, but growth was generally seen as a means to improve social outcomes rather than as an end in itself.

The Age of Compassion was never perfect. Many inequalities remained, including those based on gender, race, disability, and sexuality. Nevertheless, it was characterised by a broad belief that society functioned best when people cared for each other through collective institutions.

The defining question of this era was how a society might create security and opportunity for everyone.

---