The OECD published the 79 comments it received on its consultation on the future of its version of country-by-country reporting yesterday.
I should make a confession now. One of those submissions is by me. I also signed two others, from Eurodad and GRI, because overall they made points my submission did not. I offer no apology; after all, despite the right-wing claims, I created country-by-country reporting as we now know it.
The points I made can be simply summarised. They are first that CBCR cannot work as the OECD hoped because they got the technical accounting wrong in their standard, requiring aggregation by jurisdiction rather than consolidation. Aggregation involves double counting. That is never a good idea. The OECD has to get the accounting right now or its version of CBCR will never work as planned.
Second, I point out that the GRI CBCR standard, to which I contributed, does get this right, and tackles most of the other issues the OECD is worried about. It needs some more investment in guidance notes, examples and even direction for use on occasion, but it is the right framework to go forward with. So I recommend that the OECD adopt it.
Third, I stressed that transparency cannot be created behind a veil of secrecy and yet the OECD process is shrouded in opacity, and that utterly undermines it. The OECD has to embrace public CBCR as the basis for its tax standard.
Many of the other civil society submissions make broadly similar points. There is much elaboration. Our point is, though, that whatever the OECD has done is just a start; there is plenty more to do.
And, it is important to recall that investors covering trillions of dollars in funds supported the GRI standard.
But business wishes to object. All the usual foot-dragging excuses comes out, with EY at the front of the objecting pack, as has ever been the case on this issue. They, and others, say:
- It's too soon to tell if a change is needed;
- Change will be hard;
- Change will be costly:
- Change may not work;
- If change does work it must not be used to help tax collection (I kid you not);
- Public CBCR is dangerous and to be resisted at all costs, even if investors want it;
- And so on.
We have, of course, heard all these objections before. The objecting cohort tried to stop the OECD using CBCR in the first place. Now that we have it and results are being achieved, like climate change deniers have now become climate crisis delayers, so have this crowd become CBCR delayers, wanting to hold back the inevitable whilst they can still extract a bit more profit from tax havens.
Will the appeals for delay work? They will have to be heard, but the deniers have always had an insurmountable problem to face. CBCR is an inherently simple, logical and even easy idea to understand. And when done properly it can very obviously provide data that assists risk appraisal, as well as providing invaluable local data on multinational corporations to many of their stakeholders when available on public record. In that case it meets a need in a cost-effective fashion that presents no great challenge to deliver, barring businesses' reluctance to reveal the truth about itself. And like good ideas, that makes it hard to beat when what is apparent is that all the opponents have to support their cause are excuses.
Public CBCR will happen.
One reason why is that as well as tax matters the OECD also addresses good corporate governance practices.
They should combine the two issues and opt for well-founded public CBCR data as the basis for international tax risk appraisal. I hope they have the courage to do so.
Thanks for reading this post.
You can share this post on social media of your choice by clicking these icons:
You can subscribe to this blog's daily email here.
And if you would like to support this blog you can, here:
“I created country-by-country reporting as we now know it.”
But not as the OECD know it. And not as the accountancy world has known it in the past. The OECD version bears no real resemblance to yours and is closer to earlier versions dating back to the 1970s
Wouldn’t a more accurate and humble claim be that you developed a version of country-by-country reporting that no-one has adopted?
Otherwise why are you criticising something you claim to have created?
The OECD and I worked closely on CBCR but I did not get all I wanted – and some things were just wrong despite warnings being given at the time
I assure you, the OECD well and truly recognise the link between my work and theirs
As would the GRI
So you are, I am afraid to say, just wrong for many reasons
There’s a point, you either don’t (or refuse to) understand: financial accounting is based on consolidated numbers, but tax is based on aggregated numbers. And, while you can reconcile the two, it ain’t pretty, so you have to choose where you want the mess to be. The OECD seems to have decided they would prefer ‘nice’ tax numbers and they’ll leave the exercise of how precisely those reconcile to the reported financial results to the reader. You are criticising them for having made this choice.
However, your way is just as bad, if not worse. If you insist upon divvying up the consolidated financial numbers into countries, you end up with tax numbers that aren’t the same as the tax that has been paid locally. Given that that’s the main claimed benefit of CBCR, one wonders why you dont think this is a good idea.
The very nature of consolidation means you can get real taxable profits being turned into nothing in the consolidated accounts: consolidation eliminates any purely inter-company transactions, but the taxman taxes them as if they’re like any other transaction. Similarly, consolidation can generate transactions that either don’t exist in the real world or may already have happened in the real world. Aggregating the tax side at least means we have real tax data to work with. Attempting to consolidate it would mean you obscure the very transactions CBCR was created to illuminate
Actually, the OECD is aiming to tax once only
That, for the record, means consolidated
Try again