In my blog post on my personal plans this morning, I noted that I think that it is essential that we now spend our time finding what I described as 'better songs to sing'. These might alternatively be described as the necessary narratives to counter those promoted by neoliberalism.
I was, as a result, intrigued to see this comment posted for approval on this blog a couple of days ago by Ros Wain. I admit that I deliberately held it back because what Ros is trying to create is exactly what I said we need.
Ros' use of the score in a sports match as an explanation for the monetary system is not original. Some of the leading exponents of modern monetary theory have already used this metaphor, but Ros does use it well, and offers an explanation for what she thinks the term 'goal' might mean.
Like anything that I have offered over the years, I doubt that this is a final draft of what we require, but it is most definitely an interesting contribution and as a consequence, I am sharing it here. I have edited it very lightly.
I have the (currently depressing) background of being a lifelong (70 years+) Manchester United supporter, so a dearth of goals has been on my mind. I found myself churning over a connected narrative and am contributing it to be torn apart or developed should anyone feel it's worth it.
Should Money Measures be the Goal?
Rachel Reeves sees finding money via the Budget as her goal.
Keir Starmer sees finding money from private investors as his goal.
Money shares certain similarities with goals . . . .
– – – – – – – –
Goals can only be created by a player who is registered with the League and come into existence when the ball crosses the line between the goalposts.
Pounds can only be created by the government with the authorisation of Parliament and come into existence when the government spends pounds into the economy.
– – – – – – – –
Once goals have happened, they are just a number in the record of the league.
Once government spending has happened, money is just a number of pounds on spreadsheets recording who owes how much to whom.
– – – – – – – –
If a goal is scored, it has also been conceded, so the total of the goals in the for column must match the total of the against.
The pounds which have been spent into the system (referred to as government debt) must have gone somewhere and must be balanced by a private sector credit (our savings, pension funds, etc., are the other side of the National Debt).
– – – – – – – –
There is no limit to the number of goals except the resources available (rules, time available, skill of players).
There is no limit to the number of pounds available – except the resources available for it to be spent on (raw materials, manpower, infrastructure).
– – – – – – – –
The number of goals is only part of the story. It is the consequences that are important – results, points, league tables, qualification.
The number of pounds is only part of the story. It is the consequences that are important – it is used to obtain goods and services and therefore dictates what resources get used for, and who benefits.
– – – – – – – –
. . . . but money, like a goal, is only a stepping stone to a bigger prize.
Money should not itself be a goal because it is actually a G.O.A.L.
G.O.A.L – Government Owned Allocation Lever
The government has the power to create money via the Bank of England, which it owns.
Money is intangible (except when in its token form, as notes and coins) and has no intrinsic value until it is swapped to satisfy a need.
But money is powerful because it commands the use of resources to satisfy the needs of those who have it.
If the government just kept creating money, there would be too much chasing limited resources, and prices would rise.
But the government also has the power to remove money – through taxation.
Taxation is a vital element of the system.
The power to create and destroy money enables the government to influence how and for whose benefit the economy works. It is an allocation lever.
Money is a G.O.A.L. – a tool – not a goal.
The government does not have to find money because it creates it.
Until it is created by spending, money does not exist, so how can there be a ‘hole' in public finances?
The hole is in the public services and infrastructure of the country, which previous governments have neglected, and repairing that hole demands resources (manpower and raw materials).
If there is a hole there must be a pile, which is the resources being commanded by the private sector:
- Graduates lured by bonuses into the financial sector rather than into education or health.
- Land, bricks and bricklayers being commanded by corporate developers to build luxury estates rather than commanded by local authorities for social housing.
- Labour commanded so cheaply (zero hours contracts, pay below a living wage) that the public purse has to contribute through Universal Credit.
Those are resources which are consumed for private profit. The government could use its spending and taxation powers to influence the allocation of resources to address this hole.
Rachel Reeves does not need to find money by borrowing (how can you borrow something which is your own creation?)
Keir Starmer does not need to seek money from foreign investors.
They need to lead the way by spending on protecting and nourishing our nation's resources (the health and skills of its citizens, the sustainability of its environment, the scope of its R&D, and the quality of its infrastructure) to make this a productive and well-balanced society.
If that involves using taxation to restrict the power to command resources from those that already have an outsize say, then be brave enough to do it and explain that money measures are not a goal (balanced books are not actually important) but a G.O.A.L., a vital tool, a stepping stone, in a much bigger story which involves all our futures.
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I like the difference between goals and GOALS. Also, the idea that football has a limited number of goals that can be scored – a scarce resource – implied here, shows up the folly of tax and spend rather than create and negate. Money isn’t a circular, it comes into and goes out of existence. The lie is a useful one to power, and so ubiquitous. Overcoming that, and ridding it from people’s minds, sounds like a difficult prospect. Until I started reading about economics (non-neoclassical) and this blog, I hadn’t thought particularly about “where money comes from”, but I was aware that the picture didn’t add up for some reason. Understanding more about the double entry system, and that “money” is simply a record of debts (David Graeber’s books and essays are invaluable), is illuminating, as is the fact that money spent goes somewhere (no pit into which it disappears, it goes around until it disappears as tax, or sits immobile as savings). It then becomes staggering the level of gibberish both govt and media spout about money, you can see the idiocy, and either the duplicitousness or ignorance on display.
Money should not be a measure of success, that is the neoliberal way.
Social goals should be a better measure of success:
No-one should go hungry, want for healthcare, education, a job (and there are others that have been discussed on your blog).
Agreed
Suffice to say virtually all the political parties in the UK are in the business of scoring own-goals in regard to the nation’s well-being because of their unwillingness to examine rich people’s neoliberal myths about the role of money in the economy. This unwillingness, or at best innocence, is child-like. Our democracy such as it is needs grown-ups!
Richard,
As a Manchester graduate I was delighted when, in the early 2010s, students from Manchester formed the Post Crash Economics Society and contributed to the growth of the Rethinking Economics network which calls for a much more pluralistic approach to the subject. However having just read their recent report
http://post-crasheconomics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Is-Economics-Education-Fit-for-the-21st-Century-2024.pdf
it is depressing to hear how little seems to have changed which just emphasises what a struggle it is to change perceptions.
Agreed
And thanks for your post this morning
Excellent blog post, Ros, thank you! I found it wonderfully illuminating, and I hope Richard will disseminate it far and wide via his various channels.
It has been said (by Ha-Joon Chang, but others said it before him, I think): economics education is changing… one funeral [of a professor] at a time.
So sad for the next generation; and more power to people like Rethinking.
The double shame is that the neoliberal types from academia and ‘think” tanks are the pool of pundits from which media draw their commentators.
Football is, of course, rules based. You cannot stand offside on the opposing goal line waiting for one of your players to direct the ball towards the goalkeeper whereupon you push him out of the way. And there is an official (and other assistants) who will enforce the rules of the game. The rules are designed to, among other things, ensure fairness and prevent cheating.
That should be government’s job, along with the central bank to draw up the rules of the “game”, and then enforce them, ie regulate behaviour of all citizens, corporations and anyone else according to the principles of fairness and equity such that no one is over-advantaged to the detriment of the least advantaged.
I think it is important that government debt is actually peoples savings, such as your money in the your bank account and your pension. Once this is understood the idea of reducing the government debt (the black hole) actually mean reducing or taxing savings would change the whole perspective.
Precisely
could this be a goal for the other side?
https://www.theguardian.com/business/2024/oct/25/new-uk-freeports-budget-labour-starmer
Insanity, or deperation, or both, of they think that will work
Good post and thanks to Ros, but personally I found the goal v G.O.A.L element difficult and I suspect many people would be confused by it. I can imagine conversations about this narrative being dominated by arguments about which goal/GOAL is meant, when. If we can think up a replacement for G.O.A.L. that describes what it is and fits the football analogy we could be onto a winner(!) here…