Ravel Reeves thinks she is facing an economic crisis. She's wrong. She and Labour are facing a political crisis that demands that she spends. But will she realise that?
This is the audio version:
This is the transcript:
Is Labour going to deliver austerity next Wednesday?
I know that they will deny it.
I know that they will say that whatever Rachel Reeves puts before the House of Commons next Wednesday, it will not be an austerity programme. But let me be clear to you, it will be. And they will in denying it be, to use the parliamentary term, speaking disingenuously. You might know that term by other language, like lying, but I couldn't possibly say that. Disingenuous means that they know they are not telling the truth, and that is what they'll be doing.
The reason why is very simple and very straightforward. An austerity programme is a programme of government expenditure that is designed to manage a debt crisis.
It doesn't mean that it's necessarily cuts.
It could be tax increases, but we know that Rachel Reeves has already ruled out all tax increases in next week's statement because she couldn't upset the rich, and so, as a consequence, she will have spending cuts, which are going to be cruel on all the rest of the population of the UK who are dependent upon government services, and that, whether Labour likes it or not, is an austerity programme.
And if you go to look at the sources which define what austerity is, whether it be Mark Blyth's great book on this subject, published in 2012, or any of the normal economic dictionaries that try to define these things, like Investopedia for a start, she will fall exactly into the definition of what austerity is because what she will be doing is managing her spending in order to meet her fiscal rule. And, since her fiscal rule is designed to curtail the growth of government debt, by definition, she will be doing austerity.
But it's worse than, by definition. She'll be doing austerity in practice.
Ignore all the blather that those same Labour MPs will come out with about the fact that there will be record levels of spending and record numbers of government employees and everything else.
Well, of course, there is a record level of government spending. That is the inevitable consequence of inflation over time. If nothing changed, the government would spend more this year than last year simply because there has been inflation of around 3% between the two.
If nothing changed, there would also almost certainly be more government employees because there are more people in the country whose interests need to be served. Therefore, the scope of government employment opportunity has to grow.
So, this is not an adequate measure. When we look at whether there has been a real or actual decline in the scope of government services, we are finding a decline because adjust everything for the number of people there are and allow for inflation, and government in the UK is at the very best stagnating, and Rachel Reeves wants to actually reduce its scale within the UK economy because she thinks it's too big as a percentage of economic activity now. And therefore, that is the goal of her whole statement to be made next Wednesday.
She wants to shrink the state.
This is austerity at work, and it's not going to work.
When we stand back and ask what people want from the government, no one says they want Rachel Reeves to comply with her fiscal rule because probably less than a hundred or so people in the country are really worried about what a fiscal rule is, and fewer than them really know what Rachel Reeve's current fiscal rule might be about - balancing her current budget five years out - and those who do understand what that means, realise that this is a meaningless target because over a five year period, so much can change that to set a goal of such minute gradation for a period of time that long - it's quite ridiculous. So, her fiscal rule is meaningless. It is just being used as an excuse to shrink government, and yet, if you go out into the communities of the UK, they will tell you that they are in economic despair.
The government is increasing the cost of employment, and therefore, there is the threat of unemployment. There is downward pressure on wages despite the increase in the minimum wage because employers are having real difficulty in meeting those costs. And as a consequence, the actual amount of wage costs that they can afford to pay is going down, and they're offering part-time rather than full-time jobs, for example, and therefore we do get a pressure on wages.
There is a crisis in the NHS.
There's another crisis in education.
And people are furious that there is no functioning justice system with regard to many types of offence throughout the UK because the government cannot afford to fund a court system that works, let alone have sufficient police to actually address crime.
All of these things are what matters to people and fiscal rules don't.
She is getting everything wrong, but she could put things right, and there are three very simple things that she could do to actually simply change the way in which he manages the economy to make sure that the money is available to hit those other real targets that matter.
First of all, she could say that the world has changed. We are now living under threat of war. We have to bring the population with us so that they might be willing to make sacrifices if ever we do lose the peace which we currently maintain, and therefore, we have to deliver the level of public services that will ensure that the government is sufficiently popular to, if necessary, recruit armed forces. And that will not be possible in an environment of austerity. She should, therefore, abandon her fiscal rules. For that reason, they are now a threat to our national security, simply and straightforwardly. She is imperilling the country by ensuring that people are alienated from the goals of government. So fiscal rules out of the door, that's step one.
Step two is something that she could do if she wanted to, but she chooses not to, and that is to demand that the Bank of England cut the interest rate in the UK. Currently, inflation in the UK is running at around 3 per cent and it's not expected to go much above that in the next year, and it might well go lower.
The Bank of England's base rate is 4.5 per cent, meaning that there is at present a massive upward redistribution of wealth going on from those without money because that's why they borrow, to those with money, which is why they can afford to put money in bank accounts and earn better rates of interest than they can justify on the funds in question.
Rachel Reeves is fueling inequality and people are really angry about inequality. It might not be the biggest issue that they state, but they know it's real. It's even one of the reasons why people are so angry about migrants because they think somebody's getting a better deal than they are, and that's one of the major causes of concern throughout the UK.
If only we cut interest rates, one of the things that is fueling this sense of grievance would go away.
Rent rises would not be so significant.
The cost of mortgages would go down.
People would be able to make ends meet.
They would have more to spend.
There would be a growing sense of confidence in the country.
There would be more employment as a result.
Some of those stresses that are fueling current political anxieties would simply dissipate.
So, this is something that Rachel Reeves should demand from the Bank of England. Our interest rate should be in line with those in the Eurozone, and there is absolutely no reason why they aren't.
So, get on with it. Do action two, Rachel Reeves. Demand that the Bank of England deliver an interest rate cut of at least 1.5 per cent so that the net real interest rate is zero per cent, which is where it should be.
And then there's a third thing that she can do, and I really think that this is important, and that is she should actually reduce the amount of interest that is paid on a massive part of the government debt, which is the interest paid by the government to the UK banks on what are called their Central Bank Reserve Accounts, which were created by the government - mainly in 2008 and again in 2020 - as a result of the government injecting newly made money into the economy via those accounts, to be held by the commercial banks, firstly, to bail them out so they could not fail in 2008, and secondly, to support the economy when it was suffering the Covid crisis in 2020, but which are now claimed to be bank deposits by the banks in question, meaning that they're paid interest at 4.5 per cent at present on such sums.
We're talking, therefore, about a bill of more than £30 billion a year, which is entirely, or at least partly avoidable, depending by how much Rachel Reeves should be telling the Bank of England to operate a system of what are called tiered interest rates.
We're talking about balances of over £750 billion here. If only the first £200 billion had a full interest rate at Bank of England base rate paid on them, and that was cut to 3%, we'd only be spending £6 billion a year.
Instead, at present, we're paying £30 billion roughly on that £700 billion-plus cost at 4.5 per cent.
There is a source of saving, and the only cost would be to the bottom line profits of the UK's banks, which are not the most popular institutions in the UK as a whole and which themselves fuel inequality.
So that's the third thing she could do right now to provide a pot of money that would firstly let her restore the winter funeral allowance, which is the thing that people most hate about this Labour government at present.
And secondly, to ensure that people get proper Personal Independence Payments, which are really going to be a cause of further grievance very soon.
And to ensure that the NHS can have the funding it really needs to tackle the problems it faces.
And to ensure that schools have the money that they really need to ensure that every child has the education it deserves, including those with special educational needs.
And to ensure that our justice system might work, whilst leaving over if she did all these things, enough money to probably fund defence as well.
In other words, Rachel Reeves doesn't need to deliver austerity at all. It's a choice on her part. It's a false choice. It's a ridiculous, politically driven choice which is solely intended to pacify her tutors from the days when she was in Oxford and learned that keeping the scope of government activity down to a minimal level was what a good neoliberal would do, which is what she is.
We need to have her take action for the benefit of everyone.
So what can you do about this?
Well, the first thing you can do is, of course, listen to what Rachel Reeves has to say next week.
Secondly, if you want to hear my immediate comments on what she has to say next Wednesday, listen out on Radio 2 - the Jeremy Vine Show at around 1.30 on the day in question, and I will be on air discussing my first, instant reactions to what Reeves has had to say.
Then phone in to Radio 2 and tell them what you think, because you might get on the air and actually get your opinion in front of 7 million people as well.
Do the same with your local radio station.
Do the same with the Facebook groups you're a member of.
Tell them that actually, we don't need austerity. What we need to do is have Rachel Reeves cut the interest rate and then we could afford everything else.
Share that opinion widely.
Please talk about it because we need real people to be able to spend sufficiently to give our economy the boost that it requires so that it can work properly so that the social tensions that we are suffering in this country can be alleviated.
Austerity will never do that.
If, as I'm sure she will, Rachel Reeve's plans to deliver austerity, then she's going the wrong way for the UK.
You can say that she's wrong.
You could tell your friends that you think she's wrong.
You could have good reasons to say that, and you could even put forward this idea of simply cutting interest rates and reducing the amount of interest paid to the UK banks.
And you could say that's the source of the money to put things right.
If you do, you've got your own economic narrative. And that's what's really important because then you are empowered to talk about our future.
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Exactly, Richard (though I am somewhat uncomfortable that RR is personally held responsible, as I find it difficult to believe that anyone in that seat would have anything like your grasp/in depth understanding of how money and the economy work, and is presumably “helped” by advisors from somewhere like Tufton St – I am assuming).
I am sorry, but of course RR is personally to blame, as is Starmer. I accept there are othes who are blameworthy, but primarily it’s her job to get this right. If she is aware enough to know that she does not have the ability to reach the right decision, it is her responsibility to seek advice from all appropriate corners. not just select those who reinforce her ignorance. But if she does not have the ability to reach the right decision, she should resign or be sacked.
Excellent stuff.
And one for my collection of predictive typos/Freudian slips…
“Winter funeral allowance” !
I will leave it……
The key is rightly in discerning the political from the economic – in this case it is the political decisions that may well be doing more harm to the economy than any good.
But why? Stupidity? Naivety? Intent?
Well, read Clara Mattei’s ‘The Capital Order’ (2022).
Austerity terra-forms societies and markets for further and easier exploitation by capital. It breaks down institutions and processes to create opportunities for rentier profit. Labour wants to do this to mistakingly increase the tax take to pay for the very things it wants to get rid of or/and pay for a war.
Labour’s austerity does not add up at all. And it won’t because its being done on behalf of their real and only important constituency – the rich dudes who fund them, buy their apparel and pay for their nights out.
Again, Labour is the Avatar Party – after the Tories we needed the cavalry – and instead we’ve got a Neo-liberal death squad who instead have come in to issue the last rights to the world of Clem Attlee – to deliver the coup de grace to the Left – the pinnacle of Thatcher’s achievement.
The first and most basic point is that there is always an alternative. Reeves has prioritised her self-imposed so-called “rules” over anything else. She still can’t explain how government fiscal restraint leads to growth. And thereby her entire “plan” falls down.
Just on interest rates, HMRC currently charges interest on late tax payments at base rate plus 2.5% so that is 7% currently. It will increase to base rate plus 4% from 6 April so that will be 8.5%.
Too right you might say. People should pay the right amount of tax at the right time, and should not be able to make a profit from paying late.
If someone pays too much tax, HMRC also adds interest to repayments. But not base plus: rather, base minus 1%. Currently 3.5%.
So if HMRC can pay out less than base rate on repayments – on money the government was never entitled to receive in the first place – why should the full base rate be paid on central bank reserve accounts?
Agreed
Reeves is quoted as saying “We can’t tax and spend our way to higher living standards and better public services. That’s not available in the world we live in today.”
Apparently this may have been an option in the past, but not today. Why? (Spend and tax rather than the other way round but still … it is the circulation of funds in an economy that matters, not the accumulation of more and more at the top.)
Secondly how does cutting ever lead “better public services”?
And as for “higher living standards”, that means something much less blunt than GDP or even GDP per capita. What about poverty and destitution. What about well-being.
I sense your sense of incomprehension.
I have the sense of a cargo cult.
Reeves intones the received economic mantras without any real understanding of what she is saying (I would say “no belief”, but I fear she does actually believe it) and expect largesse to fall like manna from heaven. Because you know all these very clever economists have all these equations that prove she is on the right path. (Let us ignore all of the false simplifying assumptions they make. It is a delightful mathematical edifice they have built.)
And then things do not go to plan, so we get a confused expression, and tough talk about doubling down. That is, chasing losses.
if you are in a hole, stop digging.
“We can’t tax and spend our way to higher living standards”
True, it doesn’t work. But we can spend and tax, which is what Britain did after World War II, building 4.5 million houses, founding the welfare state including the NHS, and nationalising the railways, resulting in one of the largest times of growth and improvements in living standards we have seen.
Sadly this nonsense has been long in the making, maturing to the present level of helpless inanity ever since Callagahan made almost exactly the same stupid statement almost half a centurty ago in (if my memory serves me right) 1976. He later, in a charcteristically spineless ducking of responsibility, blamed a speechwriter, who ony did it to pacifiy American bankers! The Tufton Street attack dogs had not yet been let loose and Thatcher was barely even a twinset nightmare – but Keith Joseph’s Centre for Policy Studies had begun its evil influence and this nonsense was among its first poisoned apples.
“… in the world we live in today…”
ie. the world where politicians, and especially Chancellors and Labour Party leaders and Cabinet members have sold their souls to the wealthy, and are terrified of living without freebies, covert donations, corrupt bungs, and post-parliamentary sinecures, and therefore must take fiscal decisions that serve the very well off, rather than the struggling majority.
That world?
I listened to Rachel Reeves explain yesterday to Laura Kuenssberg, how she was FORCED to accept freebie tickets to a secure corporate box for a pop concert with her teen daughter, because they were tickets you COULDN’T pay for. So she was FORCED to enjoy the freebie, poor woman. (“Difficult decisions” – so glad she is bringing up her children so they understand how graft works in the public sector, and that when you’ve got wealthy, you deserve to get free clothes, and entertainment, whereas people on PIP and UC are just workshy scroungers who deserve to be in the front line for cuts and life-threatening hardship.
She was sickening
I simply don’t understand why the Chancellor is prepared to spread so much misery for such trivial sums, to be saved not now but in 4 years time. The tax take is approximately £1000 billion per year, now. We are talking about altering the spreadsheet figures by 1/2 a percent in 4 years time — which is much much less than the rounding errors. Perhaps if she, or a minion, just played with rounding assumptions on her spreadsheet we would, miraculously, be able to afford what we need. This isn’t a solution in principle; it doesn’t really have any effect on anything real; but it might make Reeves happy, and remove threats of destitution from many citizens.
I started watching “Sunday Morning with Trevor Phillips” on Sky News this morning. Reeves was on it. I noticed she was wearing a necklace that had what looked like three little fishes on it. Maybe she’s going to break them up and feed the 5,000?
Anyway, after about 3 minutes I had to turn it off or I was going to lose my TV by chucking my early morning mug of tea at it, Reeves just infuriates me so much every time she opens her mouth. I’m soothing my fury by listening to music videos on YouTube as I type this. Jackson Browne at the moment – easy going and cheerful music.
Thanks, PSR for the book recommendation – will look it up.
As a pensioner who lost there Winter Fuel Allowance I was angry. As the parent of disabled person I will be proud to march behind his wheelchair in protest. Austerity to date has fixed nothing.
(4×1+4-L) > (10*2) note L only has negative values
A single word accurately describes the attitude of Rachel Reeves towards the disabled and most seriously disadvantaged people in this country: Snear! Sn (Tin) Ear…
I presume Reeves is worried that the markets will do to her what they did to Truss should she dare to start printing money.
Perhaps post an article on why that is false? It might be useful to her.
Noted…..
But remember, it was QT that did for Truss. The BoE shafted her.
and austerity will further damage health http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.r525
Agreed
“What should Reeves do on Wednesday?”
Resign
Why wait till Wednesday?
Hi Richard
I think I have been following your videos for about 6 months now and I have learnt so much about economics and government finance but I do have one issue. It revolves around the ONS published monthly figure for inflation and then the subsequent BOE interest rate.
If I look at these two figures with the eyes of a layman I can relate to the fact that to me the official inflation figure doesn’t reflect on what the man in the street is experiencing. Take for instance this month. Traditionally the time when prices rise ready for the next tax year. I cannot think of one single bill that has not gone up significantly to make the official 3% figure questionable.
We have all lived through the 13 years (2009 to 2022) when interest rates were extremely low and I was lead to believe that very rich people were able to take advantage of this by borrowing money to support their lifestyle at very favourable terms whilst still retaining their assets (capital gains). So now when interest rates are 4.5% how do those rich people work their finances to their advantage? Surely all those favourable terms have completely vanished?
Finally what about the savers of this country surely they deserve a decent return after more than a decade of virtually zero return on their savings?
The idea that inflation and interest rates are related is voodoo economics – the connections exist, but are weak and very heavily time lagged. Basing inflation control on the interest rate is crazy – especially when there are so many other variables in the equation.
Inflation is also based on a rather bizarre basket of goods, biased against those on lower income.
Re interest and wealth: if you have money you can game all systems – making gains when rates are low and taking interest returns when they are high. The rules are weighted in their favour.