{"id":14743,"date":"2012-03-22T15:38:12","date_gmt":"2012-03-22T15:38:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/?p=14743"},"modified":"2012-03-22T15:38:12","modified_gmt":"2012-03-22T15:38:12","slug":"ifs-and-the-50p-tax-rate-expressing-massive-doubt-about-the-treasury-estimates","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/2012\/03\/22\/ifs-and-the-50p-tax-rate-expressing-massive-doubt-about-the-treasury-estimates\/","title":{"rendered":"IFS and the 50p tax rate &#8211; expressing massive doubt about the Treasury estimates"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The IFS have published their budget\u00a0commentary.<\/p>\n<p>I've looked at the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ifs.org.uk\/budgets\/budget2012\/budget2012jamesbrowne.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">50p tax rate commentary<\/a>. It says:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>- No\u00a0administrative data on how much actually paid until tax returns for 2010\u201411 submitted in January 2012<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>So the claims made are not based on actual data.<\/p>\n<p>It goes on:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>- In Budget 2011, Chancellor asked HMRC to produce a report on how much 50p rate was raising in time for this Budget<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>What's clear is we did not get it. Instead we got a figure based on 2009\u00a0analysis:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>- HMT\u2019s estimate from 2009 implied significant reduction in income resulting from the change: static costing \u00a36.8 billion<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>So first, HMRC did not report on tax return data per se, they\u00a0instead\u00a0made a guess on what IFS thinks an inadequate base of what tax\u00a0might\u00a0have been paid if 40p rate had been still in operation - and they\u00a0describe\u00a0the data set used as 'the best they could do with information available' but\u00a0clearly\u00a0imply that does not mean it is reliable.<\/p>\n<p>So all we actually got was an HMT guess, and nothing\u00a0like facts.<\/p>\n<p>The IFS note two possible responses:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Genuine reductions in income: working less hard, retiring early, leaving the UK<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Would expect these to reduce expenditure and hence indirect tax revenues as well as income tax revenues<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In other words this footprint should appear in more than income tax. There's no sign it did.<\/p>\n<p>Second possible response was avoidance. They say:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Avoidance responses: shifting income to different time periods, converting to capital gains, shifting income between spouses<br \/>\n\u2014 Would probably not reduce indirect tax revenues<br \/>\n\u2014 Moving income forward from 2010\u201411 to 2009\u201410 particularly important when examining 2010\u201411 data: clear incentive to do this when tax rise pre-announced<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Seems that the latter is what was found.\u00a0All they can say for sure is:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>- \u00a0Overall, incomes among those with incomes above \u00a3150k increased\u00a014% in 2009\u201410 but fell 25% in 2010\u201411<br \/>\n\u2014 Particularly for dividend income: grew 78% among this group in\u00a02009\u201410 and then fell 73% in 2010\u201411<br \/>\n\u2014 Incomes would have been much lower in 2009\u201410 without 50p rate,\u00a0and much higher in 2010\u201411<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>So there was massive avoidance but that does not mean it would be repeated.<\/p>\n<div>\u00a0After that t's all down to modelling - the results of which the IFS says could be highly unreliable - a conclusion they\u00a0apply\u00a0to their own work as well.\u00a0Certainly\u00a0the data they present makes forestalling look\u00a0like\u00a0by far the\u00a0biggest\u00a0explanation for the\u00a0loss\u00a0of income and makes other factors look small - which was HMRC assumption in data I have used for my\u00a0estimates\u00a0and which I believe to be right -\u00a0because\u00a0in many cases the room for\u00a0manoeuvre\u00a0on income will be small due to\u00a0contractual\u00a0and other constraints.<\/div>\n<div>As they say:<\/div>\n<div>\n<blockquote><p>Unclear to what extent this was responsible for significant drop in income in 2010\u201411<br \/>\n\u2014 Using reasonable assumptions, HMRC find other considerable behavioural responses that reduced incomes<br \/>\n\u2014 But model is so imprecise that results are not very informative in themselves<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<p>In other words, alternative interpretations are viable. I\u00a0suggest\u00a0mine remains so. And I also suggest they\u00a0remain\u00a0within the\u00a0plausible\u00a0range for 2011\/12, which is the year they were estimated for.<\/p>\n<p>It will be curious to see what the data eventually says. I am very sure it will not be that the 50p rate raised anything as little as \u00a3100 million - or that incomes fell to suggest that was a significant behavioural response. But by then it will be too late.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The IFS have published their budget\u00a0commentary. I&#8217;ve looked at the 50p tax rate commentary. It says: &#8211; No\u00a0administrative data on how much actually paid until<br \/><a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/2012\/03\/22\/ifs-and-the-50p-tax-rate-expressing-massive-doubt-about-the-treasury-estimates\/\"><em> Read the full article&#8230;<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[127,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-budget","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14743","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14743"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14743\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14743"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14743"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.taxresearch.org.uk\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}